Congenital Cervical Bronchogenic Cyst: A Case Report.
2015
Introduction. Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the
embryonic foregut. They are caused by abnormal budding of diverticulum of the
embryonic foregut between the 26th and 40th day of gestation. Bronchogenic
cysts can appear in the mediastinum and pulmonary parenchyma, or at ectopic
sites (neck, subcutaneous tissue or abdomen). So far, 70 cases of cervical
localization of bronchogenic cysts have been reported. Majority of
bronchogenic cysts have been diagnosed in the pediatric population.
Bronchogenic cysts of the cervical area are generally asymptomatic and
symptoms may occur if cysts become large or in case of infection of the cyst.
The diagnosis is made based on clinical findings, radiological examination,
but histopathologic findings are essential for establishing the final
diagnosis. Treatment of cervical bronchogenic cyst involves surgical
excision. Case Outline. Authors present a case of a 6-year-old female patient
sent by a pediatrician to a maxillofacial surgeon due to asymptomatic lump on
the left side of the neck. The patient had frequent respiratory infections
and respiratory obstructions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck
was performed and a well-circumscribed cystic formation on the left side of
the neck was observed, with paratracheal location. The complete excision of
the cyst was made transcervically. Histopathological findings pointed to
bronchogenic cyst. Conclusion. Cervical bronchogenic cysts are rare
congenital malformations. Considering the location, clinical findings and the
radiological features, these cysts resemble other cervical lesions. Surgical
treatment is important because it is both therapeutic and diagnostic.
Reliable diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts is based on histopathological
examination.
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