Comparison of anatomical structure of stems and leaves between vitrified and normal shoots of Thermopsis lanceolata

Anatomical structure of leaves and stems of the normal shoots and vitreous shoots of Thermopsis lanceolata were compared by means of anatomical method.The results showed that there were significant differences in anatomical structure of leaves and stems between the vitrified and normal T.lanceolata plantlets in vitro.For the vitrified T.lanceolataplantlets,the leaves of the former were much thicker without cutin layer and many upper epidermis cells were turgescent or ruptured;palisade tissue degenerated and disappeared and spongy tissue became larger and vacuolated,cell walls of some mesophyll cells were ateliosis and emerged void space in some region;vascular bundle degradated and epidermal cells were ateliosis in vitreous stems;cells of the cortex and pith tissue shrink and deformation,vascular tissue differentiation were not completely.These structural abnormalities were important to affect growth and multiplication of T.lanceolataplantlets in vitro.