Distribution and Antibiotics Resistance of Nosocomial Gram-positive Cocci Infection in Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and antibiotics resistance of nosocomial Gram-positive cocci infection in ICU of cardiac surgery.METHODS The clinical data of postoperative patients with microbiologically documented nosocomial infection from Jan 2005 to Dec 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Bacterial identification was performed in an automatic VITEK-Jr Expression system and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer method.The results were analyzed by WHONET5.4.RESULTS There were 164 Gram-positive cocci clinical isolates including 133 Staphylococcus strains,24 Enterococcus strains and 7 Streptococcus strains.Eighty-two(50%) of the positive cultures were isolated from the lower respiratory tract while 33(20.1%) from the bloodstream and 49(29.9%) from other samples.S.epidermidis(50strains,30.5%),S.haemolyticus(25 strains,15.2%)and S.aureus(23 strains,14%)were the predominant Gram-positive cocci.The detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus(MRS) were 65.2% in S.aureus and 97.2% in coagulase negative Staphylococcus.Bacterial resistance rate of Staphylococcus to the most antibiotics was much higher.There was no Staphylococcus,Enterococcus faecalis and E.faecium strains resistant to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS Gram-positive cocci are the important pathogens in ICU and the incidence is increasing gradually.Vancomycin is the most active antibiotic to Gram-positive cocci clinical isolates.