An evolutionary dynamics model for metastatic tumour growth based on public goods games

Abstract We propose a novel tumour growth model based on public goods games. In this scenario, some cells release diffusible factors according to the phenotype they express, and pay a cost for it. Cells that express other phenotypes achieve benefits by absorbing diffusible factors that contribute to their proliferation. We propose a novel extension of the replicator equation as dynamic for this tumour growth model. This extension considers that phenotypes compete in cell populations by secreting and absorbing diffusible factors. Phenotypes and some diffusible factors may migrant between distant cell populations through the bloodstream. We cover the combination of the Warburg effect, sustained angiogenesis, formation of niches prior to metastasis and invasions of distant organs with malignant phenotypes from primary tumours. We introduce formal conditions for the proliferation of specific phenotypes and for the patient recovery. We report results with targeted therapies based on reversible inhibitors.