Efficacy and tolerability of long-term treatment with vagus nerve stimulation in adolescents and adults with refractory epilepsy and learning disabilities

Approximately 20% of the adult epilepsy population has learning disabilities (LD), and the occurrence of epilepsy increases with the severity of LD. 1 The chances of achieving seizure control in patients with epilepsy and LD is poorer than in those without LD, with 45% of epilepsy patients with LD being refractory to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), as compared with approximately 30% of the total epilepsy population. 2,3