Минеральных и белковых добавок на молочную продуктивность коров

The increase in animal production efficiency lies in the improvement of the nutrition system based on balanced diets mainly by supplementing mineral substances and nutrients. The research goal was to study the effects of mineral-vitamin and protein-vitamin-mineral supplements. The cows of the control group that received the basic diet without feed supplements yielded 4332 kg of milk per lactation; the cows of the 2nd and the 3rd trial groups that received the mineral-vitamin and protein-vitamin-mineral supplements had the milk yields of 4498 and 4692 kg during lactation respectively. The use of the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement increased the milk yield by 360 kg. The improvement of cow nutrition system involves the quantitative indices of milk characterizing its nutritional value. Greater butterfat content (4.65%) and protein content (3.12%) was revealed in the 3rd group that received protein-vitamin-mineral supplement. The use of the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement increased the content of the main milk components as following: butterfat by 0.1-0.12%, and protein by 0.7-0.12%. The reliable increase in milk yields and of butterfat and protein content determined by the feed supplements also caused a higher yield of nutrients. The yield of butterfat in the 3rd group was greater than that in the control group by 23.9 kg, and by 15.4 kg as compared to the 2nd trial group. The yield of milk protein in the 3rd trial group was greater than that in the control group by 17.5 kg, and by 6.8 kg as compared to the 2nd group. To optimize the availability of proteins, vitamins and minerals for the lactating cows of the Kulundinskiy type of the Red-Steppe breed and to increase their milk performance, to improve milk quality and biochemical composition, it is advised to include the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement in the diet of the lactating cows.