NUMBER OF CASES NOTIFIED BY SARAMPO IN BRAZIL FROM 2018 TO 2019

Introduction. Measles is an acute infectious disease, whose etiological agent is a RNA virus of the paramyxovirus family. It is transmitted by aerosols through nasopharyngeal secretion within four to six days before the appearance of rash up to four days after. The clinical manifestations of the disease are quite characteristic and may evolve with serious complications, being one of the main causes of morbidity in malnourished or immunosuppressed children and under one year old. Currently the triple viral vaccine is the only way to prevent the disease, providing protection against measles, and also for mumps and rubella. However, some outbreaks are becoming more frequent, including in Brazil and may be related to several factors such as individuals who were not vaccinated by individual decision, thus exposing unvaccinated populations to the pathogen. Objective. To verify the prevalence of measles cases in Brazil from 2018 to 2019. Method. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying the numbers of cases reported by measles in the regions of Brazil from 2018 to 2019, available from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. Result and discussion. To prepare the study, we analyzed the information that was available in the World Health Organization (WHO) database. From November 26, 2018 to October 19, 2019, there were a total of 16,991 confirmed measles cases in eleven states of Brazil. In 2018, the state of Amazonas had the highest notification with 11,156 cases, with 9,695 (89.9%) confirmed, 1,442 (12.9%) discarded and 19 (0.2%) remaining under investigation. It was observed that 6,217 (55.7%) are male and the highest concentration is in the age group of 15 to 29 years, with 5,078 (45.5%), when calculating the incidence of confirmed cases by age group, notes a higher incidence in children under 1 (2,191.8 / 100,000 inhabitant). In 2019, 6,828 cases were reported, and the state of Sao Paulo was the largest with 6,389 (93.57%) confirmed. There were also a total of 13 deaths, 12 in the state of Sao Paulo and one in the state of Pernambuco. Of the 13 deaths, seven were male (53.8%). Conclusion. In recent years Brazil has faced the reintroduction of measles virus in some states, this is a warning that preventive measures are taken so that no new cases arise, because although there is a vaccine that is safe and effective, the disease continues to cause death. mainly in children. As such, effective public policies are needed for vaccination coverage, measles risk awareness campaigns, and support from health professionals for mandatory early reporting to better control the disease and eventually eliminate the circulation of the virus.