Metatranscriptomics: A Recent Advancement to Explore and Understand Rhizosphere

In this terrestrial ecosystem, plant is the major creator. With the help of composite root system, they use soil resources. Here the role of rhizosphere comes into consideration which keeps intact the varied microbial communities which eventually affects biogeochemical cycling, plant health and nutrition. But the minutes of mechanisms of plant–microbe interaction is still not explored properly. Thus, it is required to advance new experimental approach adapted to these microorganisms to unveil functional diversity of microbes and the actions they perform in situ in the soil because of various ecological limitations. One of the recent approaches developed for microorganisms is metatranscriptomics. It helps in characterization of genome in community and also explores gene expression patterns. This approach is thus helpful to develop another comprehension on the components that administer plant–organism communications in the rhizosphere. This chapter comprises review on different metatranscriptomics approaches to explore microbial community transcriptomes.