نقش عوامل انسانی در تصادفات جاده ای

Aim and Background: Based on W.H.O documentation deaths in roads encompass 25% of all accidental deaths. There is a general assumption that human factors involves in 70-90% of road accidents, in 60% of cases as main and in 95% as one of the influential factors. Methods and Materials : In this review article we searched Medline and Cochrane library in the range of 1990-2009 with road accident, road injuries, driving behavior, human factors related to road accidents and psychology of accidents keywords. Findings: In this article the role of human factors on road accidents are divided in two groups of: factors reduce driving ability and factors causing driving high risk behavior. In the following we presented the distribution of human errors in driving based on various demographic variables.  Conclusions: Human factors related to road accident can be divided in two groups of: 1) factors related to human developmental stage and are out of voluntary control of drivers. 2) Factors related to personality style that interact in a complex form and usually co-occurs in a single person. Control of human factors in traffic management needs a comprehensive and multistage approach including general and specific group oriented educations and legal restriction for specific drivers. Keywords : Human factors, road, accident, injury, driving, behavior, psychology.