Chronic Kidney Disease in China

Summary The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China is reported to be 10.8%, and is predicted to increase in the next decades, especially among rural regions and certain geographic regions. Several nationwide dialysis registries from different sources documented an escalating prevalence of dialysis patients, from 33.2 per million population in 1999 to 237.3 per million population in 2012, with approximately 90% of patients receiving hemodialysis. The improved affordability and accessibility of dialysis treatment would further drive the increasing trend of dialysis patients in China. The annual mortality rate of dialysis patients in Beijing was approximately 7.0%–9.2%, which has a trend to increase, while there is no detailed national data. The surging prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, as well as the environmental and behavioral changes, all might have profound impact on the spectrum of chronic kidney disease in China.