Hybrid Materials Based on Dimethylbiguanide (Metformin) and Copolymer of N-Vinylpyrrolidone with Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate

Using metformin, a broad spectrum drug, and the branched amphiphilic copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate with a molar ratio of comonomers of 80 : 20 and a weight average molecular weight of 1.96 × 105 hybrid materials are synthesized and characterized in aqueous solutions and in the solid state. It is shown that in aqueous buffer solutions they occur as nanostructures, whose behavior and dynamic parameters depend on the concentration of metformin and copolymer and temperature. According to quantum-chemical modeling, the NH2 groups of metformin form hydrogen bonds via the carbonyl group of N-vinylpyrrolidone and the ester and ether groups of dimethacrylate. The effective constant of binding metformin with the copolymer is determined using electron adsorption spectroscopy data. It is found that the polymer composite containing 20 wt % metformin exerts an inhibiting effect on the key enzyme of the sorbitol pathway of glycose metabolism—aldose reductase.