Dual Frequencies Usage by Full and Incomplete Ring Elements

Full and incomplete ring patch elements antenna can be mixed to generate a variety of responses with respect to the direction of polarization. Dual frequencies requirement in numerous usage like in tracking radar can be achieved by combining the patches. To obtain the favored operating frequency, a straightforward design of a ring patch and also the addition of a gap have been utilized. Various sizes of the gap and the gap's position within a ring have been examined in the study. In order to investigate the element conduct, the surface current distribution, return loss, as well as reflection phase, are monitored. The evaluation revealed that the ring element with a smaller width would offer a sharp gradient of reflection phase that lowers its bandwidth performance. Meanwhile, the element performance was not affected by the gap's placement at the upper and lower part of the ring. However, the gap's size of 0.2 mm placed at the left or right position of the ring has shifted up the resonant frequency from 8.1 GHz to 11.8 GHz. For this study, it was shown that the mixture of full and incomplete ring elements has the potential to be utilized as an antenna to comprehend the operation of monopulse.