A Review on Automatic Bi-directional Smart Meter along with a Proposed Model of Second Layer Grid Protection System Based on Solid State Relay

In order to avoid the labour – cost, poor flexibility, reliability, accuracy and live tracking system; upgradation of traditional energy meter is required. Automatic Metering Interface (AMI) can be provided better billing accuracy, live energy consumption monitoring and economic power supply with the help of Zigbee, GSM based wireless and PLC based wired data transfer mode. This can be helpful to calculate the net amount of power transfer between suppliers and consumers with dynamic pricing through bidirectional communication system containing securely paired master slave mode during installation. AMI offers reliable protection and maintain the stability of power system with the preliminary fault detection through an inbuilt tripping circuit. This paper presents a brief review on the internal construction of the AMI, recent pros and cons of AMI along with the new approach of the tripping mechanism to handle the preliminary faults in the power system intelligently.