Morbidence of pregnant anemia and its impact on infant mortality

An important role in the normal development of the fetus and the successful outcome of pregnancy is played by the state of health of pregnant women. One of the significant factors of perinatal risk is anemia of pregnant women. In order to assess the level and dynamics of the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, official statistical reports and publications of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2005-2017 and Central Research Institute for Organization and Informatization of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for 2012-2018 were analyzed. Using a trend analysis using a trend method, a prognosis was made for the incidence of anemia in pregnant women up to 2021 in the Russian Federation as a whole and separately in the North-West Federal District. In order to assess the impact of the predictor “anemia of pregnant women” on the infant mortality rate, data from primary medical documentation was copied to 250 children who died before the age of 1 year in the North-West Federal District. It has been established that the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the North-West Federal District significantly exceeds the average level in the Russian Federation. Provided that factors affecting the course of pregnancy remain unchanged, the incidence of anemia in pregnant women by 2021 on average in the Russian Federation will decrease to 32.2% of the number of women who have completed pregnancy, and in the North-West Federal District will increase to 37.5%. During pregnancy, the incidence of anemia in women whose child died before the age of 1 year in the North-West Federal District amounted to 44.16 ± 0.39% of the number of women who completed the pregnancy, which significantly exceeded the average figure in the district, which in 2017 was equal to 35.90 ± 0.35% (p < 0.05). A direct correlation has been established between the predictor “anemia in pregnant women” and the infant mortality rate.