Anesthesia and severe idiopathic scoliosis correction in Jehova witness patients. Case report and review

Scoliosis is a complex, three-dimensional rotational deformity that involves the column in a sagittal, coronal and axial planes. It may be congenital, neuromuscular or idiopathic. The main symptom in 90% of cases is back pain, and initial management is fairly conser- vative. However, it may be severe enough as to cause other symptoms, neurologic deficit or necessity of surgical intervention. In such cases, surgery implies a great risk because of the complications that have been reported, including severe bleeding and nervous injury. Rigorous preoperative assessment is mandatory, as well as intraoperative planning aimed at complication risk reduction. Patients may also have comorbidities that increase risks or religious beliefs that forbid blood component transfusions, further complicating patient management.