A 5G Spectrum Demanding Estimation Framework Considering Coalition Formation of Taiwan Telecommunication Operator

With the mobile broadband spectrum allocation for 5G completed in 2020 around the world, the start of commercial operations for the 5G network is just around the corner. However, of the many issues discussed during the spectrum auction process, one core problem remained: Is enough spectrum allocated? Countries currently use the ITU-R M.2290 model without considering (1) the coalition formation of telecommunication operators in each country, (2) the minimum amount of spectrum required for individual telecommunications operators to survive, and (3) urban-rural differences in terms of spectrum requirement. These issues have made it difficult for regulatory authority to answer the question: How much spectrum is required for 4G/5G mobile services? This study proposes a 5G coalition-formation spectrum estimation framework based on ITU-R M.2290 model and using Taiwan as a case study. It is estimated that the basic spectrum requirement for mobile broadband services in urban areas falls within the range of 174-223 MHz, roughly 1.2-1.9 times that required for rural areas. The country’s basic mobile broadband needs should be met if an individual operator is allocated 220-330 MHz, and the six telecommunication operators in Taiwan will form three coalitions.