Tratamiento mínimamente invasivo para fracturas toracolumbares

Introduction: Minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures have been developed to reduce perioperative morbidity. The primary purpose of this work is to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes in a group of patients with traumatic thoracolumbar fracture treated with minimally invasive procedures. Materials and methods: Taking a group of patients within the inclusion criteria, we retrospectively analyzed demographic data, along with pre and postoperative radiographic measurements and postoperative functional scores, using the Oswestry Disability Index and the Visual Analog Scale for pain. We recorded the complications and the hospital stay. Results: 15 patients were analyzed (10 of them were male). The average age was 59 years, and the average follow-up was 32.9 months. The patients presented an average postoperative pain score of 2/10 and an average Oswestry Disability Index score of 14/100. The radiographic analysis showed an average preoperative segmental kyphosis value of 16o that was corrected to 10° (p = 0.01). The preoperative average height for compromised vertebrae was 18 mm, with an average height of 21 mm at the last follow-up (p = 0.02). There were 3 complications (20%) in 3 patients. Hospital stay was 9 days long on average. Three patients were rehospitalized within 90 days after surgery. Conclusion: The treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures by minimally invasive techniques was a safe procedure, with good clinical and radiological results in the medium term of follow-up. Level of evidence: IV