Efficacy of Interventions to Reduce Resident Physician Burnout: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Background Studies report high burnout prevalence among resident physicians, with little consensus on methods to effectively reduce it. Objective This systematic literature review explores the efficacy of interventions in reducing resident burnout. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched using these key words: burnout and resident, intern, or residency. We excluded review articles, editorials, letters, and non–English-language articles. We abstracted data on study characteristics, population, interventions, and outcomes. When appropriate, data were pooled using random effects meta-analysis to account for between-study heterogeneity. Study quality was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (cohort studies) and Jadad scale (randomized control trials [RCTs]). Results Of 1294 retrieved articles, 19 (6 RCTs, 13 cohort studies) enrolling 2030 residents and examining 12 interventions met criteria, with 9 studying the 2003 and 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACG...