Emittance and Current of Electrons Trapped in a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

In recent experiments plasma electrons became trapped in a plasma wakefield accelerator (PWFA). The transverse size of these trapped electrons on a downstream diagnostic yields an upper limit measurement of transverse normalized emittance divided by peak current, {epsilon}{sub N,{sub x}}/I. The lowest upper limit for {epsilon}{sub N,{sub x}}/I measured in the experiment is 1.3{center_dot}10{sup -10} m/A.