Polysaccharides from Marine Algae in Modern Technologies of Regenerative Medicine

The present review considers the physicochemical and biological properties of polysaccharides (PSs) obtained from marine algae (alginates and fucoidans from brown algae; carrageenans from red algae; and ulvans from green algae). These PSs are used in the latest technologies of regenerative medicine (tissue engineering, modulation of drug delivery system, and design of wound dressing materials). Special attention is paid to the ability of PS to form hydrogels, as hydrogel dressings meet the basic requirements for a perfect wound dressing. This review discusses the current trends in the development of a new generation of PS-based materials for creation of drug delivery systems and various tissue-engineering scaffolds; this approach allows one to create human-specific tissues and to develop target-oriented and personalized regenerative medicine products.