Effect of air fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on inflammation factors of inpatients with cardiovascular disease

Objective To investigate the effect of air fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on inflammation factors of inpatients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Totally 92 patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Affiliated Jilin University from October 2015 to April 2016 were enrolled in this study. The data of PM2.5 density published by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection on the day of admission was recorded. The patients were divided into the good group (0 115 μg/m2, 52 cases) according to the concentration of PM2.5. The general information, neutrophil count (NEUT) and platelet count (PLT) were recorded on the day of admission. The levels of serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were detected by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay. The relationship between PM2.5 concentration and PLT, IL-8, ICAM-1 were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results There was no significant difference in the NEUT among these three groups (Z = 1.312, P > 0.05), and the levels of PLT, IL-8 and ICAM-1 all showed significant differences among them (Z = 4.541, 3.084, 5.065, all P < 0.05). In addition, the PLT [237 (181, 275) × 109/L, 212 (170, 241) × 109/L, 184 (140, 213) × 109/L) and ICAM-1 [1 706 (900, 2 999), 683 (381, 960), 262 (163, 341) ng/L] in the moderate-severe group and light group were higher than those in the good group, and were highest in the moderate-severe group (all P < 0.017). However, the IL-8 levels [47 (20, 52), 60 (45, 77), 147 (89, 199) ng/L] in the good group and light group were both lower than that in the moderate-severe group (all P < 0.001). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that PM2.5 concentration was negatively correlated with PLT (r = -0.290, P = 0.018), and was positively correlated with IL-8 and ICAM-1 (r = 0.603, P = 0.043; r = 0.766, P = 0.013). Conclusion With the increased concentration of PM2.5, the levels of PLT, IL-8 and ICAM-1 in inpatients with cardiovascular disease also increased significantly. Key words: Air fine particulate matter; PM2.5; Cardiovascular disease; Inflammation