A Survey on Vital Signs Detection Using Radar Techniques and Processing With FPGA Implementation

This paper presents a survey of the state-of-the-art advances in human vital signs detection using radar sensors, their integration and coexistence with communication systems, and their issues in spectrum sharing. The focus of this survey is to review the detection, monitoring, and tracking of vital signs, specifically the respiration rate and heartbeat rate over the recent five years. It is observed that in line with technological advancements, a multitude of radar types operating in diverse frequency spectra have been introduced with different hardware implementations, considering various detection scenarios, and applying multiple signal processing algorithms. The aim of these researches varies, from enhancing the detection accuracy, improving the processing speed, reducing the power consumption, simplifying the hardware used, lowering implementation costs, and the combinations of them. Besides that, this review also focuses on literature aimed at increasing the detection accuracy and reducing the processing time using FPGAs, prior to benchmarking them against other processing platforms. Finally, a perspective on the future of human vital signs detection using radar sensors concludes this review.