Quantification of vulnerability to Type 2 diabetes: A study among shopkeepers in Kolkata

Context: Urban people are more prone to develop diabetes due to their sedentary lifestyle and high-calorie food intake. Shopkeepers with their long sitting hours, unhealthy food habits, and lack of regular physical activity are one of the high-risk groups for developing diabetes. Hence, it is necessary to detect this large pool of undiagnosed people with diabetes to offer them early treatment. Aims: The present study aimed at assessing people with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its correlation with some known risk factors. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional community-based study conducted from May to July among 152 shopkeepers in a permanent market with a structured schedule. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods by SPSS software (version 16). Results: Thirty-five (23.02%) out of 152 shopkeepers were found having high blood sugar (>140 mg/dl). In univariate analysis, the study participants with higher age, perceived stress score, Indian Diabetic Risk Score (IDRS), body weight, centrally obese, and less physically active had shown significantly greater odds of having high blood sugar level. In multivariable model, PSS (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]-1.90), waist circumference (AOR-3.34), and physical activity (AOR-3.09) remained significantly adjusted with other significant variables in univariate analysis excepting IDRS. Sensitivity and specificity of IDRS were 68.6% and 65.8%, respectively, with diagnostic accuracy of 72.3% calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve. Conclusions: The study revealed that shopkeepers are indeed at high risk of developing diabetes. There is an urgent need for increasing awareness regarding diabetes among them.