Tristeza versus depresión
2016
This article aims to specifically review
the differences between sadness and
depression. Definitions and
descriptions of depressive disorders do
not always distinguish between
depressive disorders from nonpathological
mood states. If depressive
symptomatology appears as a response
to a life event such as bereavement, a
diagnosis of depression may not be
clear since these reactions represent
normal and presumably adaptive
reactions to such life circumstances.
The challenge to face is to distinguish
normal emotional reactions to everyday
events from a set of psychiatric
illnesses characterised by the presence
of sadness. Some recent research
studies point out some of the
neurobiological correlates between
sorrow and depression.
This paper reviews new evidence for
the need to distinguish sadness from
clinical depression, supporting a
different view. The issue is not only the
different quality of depression or
depressive episode and the symptoms associated to it, the present study also
considered the adaptive value of
sadness and related affects in general in
specific clinical cases.
Sadness has some positive functions
and therefore an adaptive value; it
increases the ability to solve challenges
related to losses and harms, sadness
also helps us to communicate our
vulnerability and needs, sometimes
avoid aggressions in hierarchical
conflicts and modulates interventions
that lead to recover from lost bonds.
The answer to the questions involved in
this problem will have an impact on the
way psychiatry will be conceived,
practiced and financed in the near
future
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