Chromatin Modifying Proteins and RNAs

Chromatin modifying enzymes either add or remove post-translational modifications to histone proteins and in this way change the functional profile of the epigenome. Antagonizing enzymes, such as HATs and HDACs, often co-localize at chromatin regions and fine-tune gene expression. Chromatin modeling complexes change the structure of chromatin by shifting, evicting or replacing nucleosomes. Finally, also long ncRNAs, such as Xist, can affect chromatin structure and function.