Forthrightly monitoring ferroptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stresses through fluorescence lifetime imaging of microviscosity increases with a specific rotor

Abstract To test the hypothesis that the microviscosity changes of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) can be a useful indicator of ferroptosis promoted by ER Stresses (ERS), a new ER targeting viscosity rotor, L-Vis-1 was developed and applied in the quantitation of viscosity by FLIM imaging in live cells. The FLIM imaging exhibited an excellent resolution almost as good as the corresponding confocal imaging, more significantly, during ferroptosis processes promoted by different types of ERS, the viscosity increases were clearly monitored by FLIM of L-Vis-1 within ER, which has not been demonstrated before.