Characterizing the generation and flows of construction and demolition waste in China

Abstract Associated with the continuing increase of construction activities such as infrastructure projects, commercial buildings, and housing programs, China has been experiencing a rapid increase of construction and demolition (CD and the landfill space demands were estimated to range from 7504 million m 3 (the worst scenario) to 706 million m 3 (the most optimistic scenario) accordingly. Consequently, increasing the recycling rate and reducing landfill rate of C&D waste could not only improve the potential recycling economic values, but also dramatically reduce land use and potential environmental impacts.