BAZI TRABZONHURMASI (Diospyros kaki L.) TÜR VE ÇEŞİTLERİNİN SOĞUKLAMA GEREKSİNİMLERİNİN SAPTANMASI

Calisma, 2003-2004 ve 2004-2005 yillari arasinda, C.U. Ziraat Fakultesi Bahce Bitkileri Bolumune ait Arastirma ve Uygulama Bahcesinde bulunan Diospyros virginiana L. ve Diospyros lotus L. turleri ile Diospyros kaki L. turunden Hachiya, O’Gosho, Shakoku, Kaki Tipo, Fuji, Nishimura Wase, Suruga, Jiro, Saijo, Kawabata O’Gosho, Shogatsu, Giboshi, Kirakaki, Amankaki (Italya), Akoumankaki, Kourokuma, Hyakume, Hiratanenashi, Mizushima Gosho, Giant Fuyu (Israil), Triumph ve Fujiwara Gosho cesitleri ve ulkemizden selekte edilen Yesil Hurma, Şirin Hurma, Tuzcu, Sari Yenen ve Fatsa-1 genotipleri uzerinde yurutulmustur. Tur ve cesitlerin soguklama gereksinimleri standart ve soguk birimi yontemlerine gore saptanmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore, tur ve cesitlerin soguklama gereksinimleri yillar arasinda onemli farkliliklar gostermistir. 2003-2004 yili soguklama gereksinimi Tuzcu ve Sari Yenen cesitlerinde en dusuk (106 s ve 95 sb), Fuji cesidi ve Diospyros virginiana turunde ise en yuksek (250 s ve 208 sb) olarak saptanmistir. 2004-2005 yili sonuclari bir onceki yil sonuclari ile paralellik gosterse de, cesitlerin soguklama sureleri daha yuksek saptanmistir. Buna gore, 2004-2005 yili soguklama suresi en dusuk Tuzcu genotipinde (252 s ve 188 sb) ve Triumph cesidinde (270 s ve 190 sb), en yuksek ise Yesil Hurma ve Şirin Hurma genotiplerinde (357 s ve 271 sb) belirlenmistir. Her iki yontemden de elde edilen sonuclar birbiri ile uyumlu bulunmustur. Gerek soguk birimi yontemi ve gerekse standart yontemle cesitlerin soguklama gereksinimlerindeki farkliliklar benzer olurken, her iki yontemden elde edilen sonuclarin etkinligi de ayni olmustur. Sonuc olarak, tum cesitler aldiklari soguk toplamlarina gore 2003-2004 yilinda 2 Ocak ile 22 Ocak, 2004-2005 yilinda ise 27 Aralik ile 19 Ocak tarihleri arasinda dinlenmelerini tamamlamislardir. DETERMINING CHILLING REQUIREMENTS OF SOME PERSIMMON (Diospyros kaki L.) SPECIES AND CULTIVARS This study was carried out on Diospyros virginiana L., Diospyros lotus L. and Diospyros kaki L. species and cultivars of Hachiya, O’Gosho, Shakoku, Kaki Tipo, Fuji, Nishimura Wase, Suruga, Jiro, Saijo, Kawabata O’Gosho, Shogatsu, Giboshi, Kirakaki, Amankaki (Italy), Akoumankaki, Kourokuma, Hyakume, Hiratanenashi, Mizushima Gosho, Giant Fuyu (Israel), Triumph and Fujiwara Gosho, and Yesil Hurma, Şirin Hurma, Tuzcu, Sari Yenen and Fatsa-1 which are selected Turkish cultivars at the research and implementation orchards at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova, in Adana/Turkey during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 years. The chilling requirements of the species and cultivars were determined using both standard and chill unit methods. The results indicated that the chilling requirements of the species and cultivars significantly varied according to the years. The chilling requirements of Tuzcu and Sari Yenen cultivars were the lowest (106 h and 95 cu) while those of Fuji cultivar and Diospyros virginiana species were the highest (250 h and 208 cu) during 2003-2004 winter period. Despite the results of 2004-2005 were similar to those of the previous year, the chilling durations of the cultivars were found to be higher than the previous year. Thus, in 2004-2005, the lowest chilling duration was determined in Tuzcu genotype (252 h and 188 cu) and Triumph cultivar (270 h and 190 cu) whereas the highest duration were obtained from Yesil Hurma and Şirin Hurma genotypes (357 h and 271 cu). The both standard and chill unit methods gave similar results and the efficiency of the results was found to be same. In conclusion, all cultivars completed their dormancy according to the chilling periods that they received between 2 January and 22 January during 2003-2004 winters and 27 December and 19 January during 2004-2005 winters.