Compression of facial skin by headrest in prone position

The higher body pressures of patients compared to their capillary blood pressures in the limited areas of their skin induced peripheral blood flow disturbances, thus causing skin injuries. Use of horseshoe-shaped headrest for prone-positioning during surgeries can induce blood flow occlusion, skin ischemia, and skin injury due to high pressure and shear stress on the forehead and both cheeks, which are protrusions on facial bone. The use of pressure dispersion headrests is preferred, redistributing the body pressure equally and absorbing pressure from the entire head in the prone position for surgery.