Effect of manual and air nonsurgical periodontal therapy on systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Aims and Objectives: The blood pressure (BP) variability is a useful method to assess cardiac autonomic modulation in patients undergoing dental procedures because the knowledge of physiological conditions provides greater security to the professional as well as the possibility of a better plan treatment to patient benefit. The aim of our study was to study the association between BP and nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out on 150 patients in Baghdad, all of them divided into two groups, first group: 75 patients, periodontal treatment for those groups was carried out by air scaling, second group: 75 patients, periodontal therapy for those groups was carried out by manual scaling. After the participants rested for ≥5min, we measured the systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) three times (1–2min) in between for each participant in both groups by using mercury sphygmomanometer and bell stethoscope on the right arm of the patients while they were in sitting position. We used Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Need (CPITN) to determine the periodontal health status and the treatment needed for the study groups. Results: The results of this study revealed that the SBP and DBP mean values for the manual and air scaling groups had a significant increase after the scaling due to the pain and anxiety during therapy. The association between BP and CPITN was even stronger among participants with the time. Conclusion: This study showed that nonsurgical periodontal treatment led to elevated BP levels during therapy in correlation to the time and CPITN.