A patch antenna with frequency scanning characteristic

In this paper, a patch antenna with frequency scanning characteristic is proposed. By introducing a row of vias in the middle of the patch, the proposed antenna exhibits the frequency scanning characteristic with total scanning angle of 50°, sweeping from 4° to 54° over the frequency range from 1.872 GHz to 1.914 GHz. The antenna has a 10-dB fractional bandwidth of 2.2% and the maximum realized gain of 6.54 dBi.