Breeding and Evaluation of Pleurotus giganteus (Berk.) Karunarathna & K.D. Hyde Hybrids via Intraspecific Mating
2020
Pleurotus giganteus, the giant oyster mushroom is gaining popularity as a gourmet mushroom. The cultivation of this
mushroom in Malaysia, however, is facing challenges such as malformed pinhead formation and low yield resulting
in heavy economic losses for farmers. The aim of this study was to generate new hybrids of P. giganteus with higher
yield for commercialisation in Malaysia. The commercial strain of P. giganteus (China) (KLU-M1227) and a wild strain
from Malaysia (KLU-M1391) were subjected to intraspecific breeding. A total of 16 hybrids were obtained from 56
combinations. All the parents and hybrids were subjected to linear growth assessment. The hybrids were clustered into
slow-growing (growth rate < 0.29 cm/day) and fast-growing (growth rate in 0.30 cm/day) types. The parents and three
hybrids (IH15, IH17 and IH32) that were the least susceptible to Trichoderma sp. were then cultivated using soil-casing
method. This method was able to solve long, coiling stipe formation of P. giganteus. The parent and hybrid strains
showed variation in the number of days for pinhead formation and number of fruiting bodies formed. The hybrid with
the highest yield (IH32) had a 32% higher biological efficiency compared to both the parents. Inter simple sequence
repeats (ISSR) amplifications were carried out to confirm the generation of the hybrids. Hybrids IH17 and IH32
contained the genetic materials inherited from both parents while hybrid IH15 shared high amount of genetic materials
from one parent.
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