Communication topology optimization for three-dimensional persistent formation with leader constraint

We address the communication topology optimization problem for a three-dimensional persistent formation with leader constraint to minimize the formation communication cost while maintaining its shape. We first analyze the formation shape, network topology, communication topology, and leader constraint of a three-dimensional persistent formation to establish the optimization model of the problem. We then propose an exact algorithm, which includes three kernel sub-algorithms, to solve the model, and theoretically prove its validity. A numerical example is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.