The F-PEC Revisited: From the Family Business Definition Dilemma to Foundation of Theory:

In proposing a scale to solve the “family business definition dilemma” in 2002, the F-PEC scale sparked considerable interest and research in our field, particularly at a time when family business was in its formative stage of development. We respond to the invitation of the Family Business Review editor to tell our story concerning how the F-PEC finally came to life. We highlight research that has been done in respect to the three F-PEC dimensions on the individual, the group/family, and at the organizational levels, and outline future research opportunities that might inform a theory of the family business.