Comparative liver metabolic enzyme activity of cytochrome P450 and glutathione-S-transferase in crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) and livestock.

Abstract This study aimed to compare the metabolism of detoxification liver enzymes activity of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, the GST enzymes activity for class pi, mu, alfa, and the universal GST between crocodile and livestock, plus the relationship of these two enzyme activities in the crocodile. Interestingly, the CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 were existent in the freshwater crocodile livers microsomal enzyme activities, and these two enzymes could be determined in both pig and chicken. Also, the universal GST, alpha, mu, and pi class of phase II were presented in the crocodile liver cytosolic fractions, and these three enzymes could also be found in pig and chicken. The kinetic activity (Vmax/Km ratio) of GST activity towards CDNB was higher in the crocodile than chicken, and pig; 80.02, 57.80 and 45.25 ml/min/mg protein, respectively. The Vmax/Km ratio GST activity towards t-PBO was highest in crocodile. In contrast, the GST activity towards EA was highest in pig, chicken and crocodile in this order. However, the Vmax/Km ratio GST activity towards CHP was very low in all species. The crocodile liver microsome fraction could metabolites AFB1 to AFM1, suggesting that the CYP1A2 activity was actively presented. The kinetic enzyme activity of crocodile liver towards CDNB revealed the highest velocity compared with other livestock species; this indicates that crocodile liver enzyme activities were very active for the detoxification function towards all xenobiotic, especially for GST activity, towards carcinogenic agent when compared with other livestock.