Comparaison de deux opioïdes de cinétique différente dans l’analgésie intraveineuse pour avulsion des dents de sagesse en ambulatoire

Summary Introduction We had for aim to compare the effects of intra-operative opioid analgesia according to the drug kinetics. Patients and methods We conducted a prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blinded trial including 60 patients scheduled for ambulatory multiple third molar avulsion. The general anesthesia, performed with propofol and analgesia was a target-controlled infusion of either remifentanil or sufentanil. The anesthesia was set to reach an optimal bispectral index and adjusted to a clinical target throughout the procedure. The main endpoints were: postoperative request for morphine and other opioids; postoperative pain; postoperative adverse effects of opioids. Results In the post-operative care unit (French acronym PACU), patients who received remifentanil were extubated earlier (17  vs. 26 min.), but had more pain and required twice more morphine for analgesia (6  vs. 3 mg), than those who had received sufentanil. However, the need for post-surgery oral opioid intake was greater in the sufentanil group, so the overall postoperative opioid consumption and patient satisfaction were identical in both groups. The time spent in the PACU was also identical for both groups. Discussion Using an ultra-short kinetic opioid such as remifentanil does not seem useful, since the shorter delay before extubation is compensated by a greater need for morphine in the PACU.