Metal oxides in energy-saving smart windows

Abstract This chapter introduces the metal oxides used as crucial materials in energy-saving smart windows, which are classified in two types according to their working mechanisms, viz., thermochromic and electrochromic. For thermochromic smart windows, VO 2 is discussed in depth as an example. A full discussion of its preparation, performance, modification, and application in smart windows is included. For electrochromic smart windows, various metal oxides, including WO 3 , TiO 2 , MoO 3 , NiO, and V 2 O 5 are presented in terms of their preparation, performance, and applications. The development of fabrication technologies for these oxides is also introduced.