Nanofertilisers, Nanopesticides and Nanosensors in Agriculture

Nanotechnology has potentially promising applications to improve agriculture. Here we review the application of nanofertilizers, nanopesticides and nanosensors in agriculture. Nanofertilisers include Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, Ti and carbon nanotubes. Nanofertilisers improve plant growth and save money because they are more efficient. Nanopesticides for plant protection include Ag, Cu, SiO2 and Zn. Nanopesticides also save money because they are more efficient. Nanosensors are useful in precision agriculture, for instance to detect pests and weeds locally in real time, and thus to apply pesticides fast and locally. We also discuss toxicity and risk assessment of nanoparticles.