Reprotoxic effects of fenpropimorph on the fertilizing potential of AI boars: A case study.

This case study describes the effects of a contamination of boar bedding material with reprotoxic compounds in an AI center in southern Germany. The origin of the investigations was an extreme decline in the production output of the boars. In July 2021, more than 54% of boars were not in production and over 45% of ejaculates had insufficient sperm quality and quantity, which is a significant drop in comparison to the other months. This drop was accompanied by oligozoospermia (azoospermia), asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia. Through intensive troubleshooting the changes could be attributed to fenpropimorph, an ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicide with reprotoxic potential, which was found in the sawdust used as bedding as well as in liver samples of affected animals, reaching a concentration (mean ± SD) between 0.20 ± 0.36 mg/kg and 0.019 ± 0.001 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, autopsy findings revealed hyperemia of the testis, histologically focal degeneration of the germinal epithelium, and signs of reduced spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis.