Prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among AIDS patients in Nanchang City

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among AIDS patients in Nanchang City during the period between May and September, 2016. B. hominis infection was detected in patients’stool samples using a PCR assay, and the CD4 + T cell count was measured in subjects’blood samples. In addition, the risk factors of B. hominis infection in AIDS patients were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results A survey was conducted in Nanchang City from May to September 2016. A total of 505 AIDS patients were investigated, and the prevalence of B. hominis infection was 4.16%. Univariate analysis revealed that B. hominis infection correlated with the occupation ( χ 2 = 8.595, P = 0.049), education level ( χ 2 = 14.494, P = 0.001), type of daily drinking water ( χ 2 = 10.750, P = 0.020), root of HIV infections ( χ 2 = 8.755, P = 0.026) and receiving anti-HIV therapy ( χ 2 = 23.083, P = 0.001) among AIDS patients, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified daily direct drinking of tap water as a risk factor of B. hominis infections [odds ratio ( OR ) = 7.988, 95% confidential interval ( CI ): (1.160, 55.004)] and anti-HIV therapy as a protective factor of B. hominis infection [ OR = 0.183, 95% CI : (0.049, 0.685)]. Conclusion The prevalence of B. hominis is 4.16% among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. Daily direct drinking of tap water is a risk factor, and anti-HIV therapy is a protective factor of B. hominis infection among AIDS patients living in Nanchang City. ［摘要］ 目的 了解江西省南昌市艾滋病患者人芽囊原虫感染状况及其危险因素。 方法 2016年5—9月采用横断面 调查法对南昌市艾滋病患者进行问卷调查, 并采集调查对象粪便, 采用PCR法检测粪便基因组中人芽囊原虫DNA以判 定感染状况; 同时采集调查对象血液样本, 检测其中CD4 + T淋巴细胞数量。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析对 南昌市艾滋病患者人芽囊原虫感染的危险因素进行分析。 结果 2016年5—9月在南昌市累计调查艾滋病患者505例, 人芽囊原虫感染率为4.16%。单因素分析结果显示, 与南昌市艾滋病患者感染人芽囊原虫有关的危险因素包括职业 ( χ 2 = 8.595, P = 0.049) 、受教育程度 ( χ 2 = 14.494, P = 0.001) 、日常饮用水类型 ( χ 2 = 10.750, P = 0.020) 、感染HIV途径 ( χ 2 = 8.755, P = 0.026) 、是否接受抗HIV治疗 ( χ 2 = 23.083, P = 0.001) ; 多因素logistic回归分析显示, 日常直接饮用自来水 是南昌市艾滋病患者感染人芽囊原虫的危险因素[比值比 (odds ratio, OR ) = 7.988, 95%可信区间 (confidential interval, CI ) ： (1.160, 55.004) ], 接受抗HIV病毒治疗是人芽囊原虫感染的保护因素[ OR = 0.183, 95% CI ： (0.049, 0.685) ]。 结论 南昌 市艾滋病患者人芽囊原虫感染率为4.16%。日常直接饮用自来水是南昌市艾滋病患者感染人芽囊原虫的危险因素, 接 受抗HIV治疗是保护因素。