PENDEKATAN MODEL GRAVITASI UNTUK MENGESTIMASI PERMINTAAN PARIWISATA DI INDONESIA

Tourism is one of the main drivers of Indonesia’s economy. It included the five biggest foreign earning contributors of the country’s income receipt in the past. From this perspective , this study tries to analyse the determinants influencing international tourism demand in Indonesia using the Gravity Model. In this study, to estimate tourism demand in the form of Tourist Arrival or Tourist Expenditure based on key economic factors as Real Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) per capita both from Tourist Origin Country and Tourist Destination Country, Relatively living cost country, Real exchange rate and Distant (mile) between Tourist Origin Country and Tourist Destination Country. For the empirical analysis a panel dataset of the ten biggest mayor Tourist Origin Countries- Australia, Mala y sia, Singapore, Jepang , India, Korea Selatan, China, Amerika, Inggris and Taiwan - is used over the periode 2000-2018. With the panel data estimation shows that the majority of the determinants have statistically significant in the two specifications of tourism demand.