Gene contents in a 31-kb segment at the left genome end of bovine herpesvirus-1

Abstract We report the nucleotide sequence of a 31-kb segment at the left genome end of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) and show that it comprises 19 different open reading frames (ORFs), including seven which have been described previously ( circ , dUTPase, UL49.5, αTIF, VP8, glycoprotein C, and ribonucleotide reductase small subunit). The new sequence resulted in a correction at the C-terminus of glycoprotein C. All 19 ORFs exhibited strong amino acid sequence homology to the gene products of other alphaherpesviruses. The BHV-1 ORFs were arranged colinearly with the prototype sequence of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in the range of the UL54 to UL37 genes. No BHV-1 homologs of the HSV-1 UL56, UL55, and UL45 genes were identified. The BHV-1 circ gene was the only gene without a HSV-1 counterpart. The additional ORFs 1 and 2 found at the left genome end of equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) were absent in BHV-1. Among the newly sequenced BHV-1 ORFs are homologs of ICP27 (UL54), glycoprotein K (UL53), helicase-primase (UL52), DNA polymerase accessory protein (UL42), ribonucleotide reductase large subunit (UL39), and several virion proteins (UL49, UL46, UL43, UL41, UL38, UL37), most of which are strongly conserved in all herpesviruses. The possible functions of the proteins encoded within the sequenced region are assessed and features found are discussed.