Conditions for Separation Rays by Their Arrival Time at Large Distances and Low Frequencies

Abstract—The results of experimental studies on the propagation of low-frequency pulsed signals in deep- and shallow-water areas of the World Ocean are presented. Sufficient conditions have been obtained for separation rays based on their arrival time at the reception point: displacement of the ray under the influence of the downward sound velocity gradient directed exceeds displacement of the ray in the opposite direction under the influence of the gradient due to gravity; the emitter and receiver are at different depths; the emission is pulsed for a pulse duration smaller than the difference in the ray arrival times at the reception point. The experiments validated the hypothesis that the aggregate conditions are sufficient to detect rays by their arrival time.