D’une volte-face à la terreur : le regard de Roland Barthes

2020 
EnglishFocusing on reading Degre zero de l’ecriture and comparing its theses with those of La Lecon, this study mentions to what extent Barthes‘s 1953 manifesto gives way to the Marxian-Hegelian idea of an historic Real, of a messianic, apocalypticturn, and has gone wild for a guilt of Literature summoned to self-sacrifice. Through the radical displacement of which his latest works testify, works which prevaricate, and finally overturn the terrorist theses of Degre zero, Barthes will have in fact been able to salvage language through the exercise of a love for literature which La Lecon defines anew as the desire to present the inexpressible of the real, token of truth in touch with the delusion it is, of a literature then proving to be the aura of the vivid rather than the orison for nothingness. francaisCentree sur la lecture du Degre zero de l’ecriture, et comparant ses theses avec celles de la Lecon, l’etude rappelle combien le manifeste barthesien de 1953 cede a l’idee marxienne-hegelienne d’une fin de l’histoire, au tour messianique, apocalyptique, et s’exalte d’une culpabilite de la Litterature appelee a l’autosacrifice. Par le deplacement foncier dont temoignent ses oeuvres ulterieures qui biaisent et, au final, renversent les theses terroristes du Degre zero, Barthes aura, de fait, su sauver la langue par l’exercice d’un amour de la litterature que La Lecon redefinit comme desir de presenter l’indicible du reel, touche de la verite a meme le leurre qu’elle est, d’une litterature s’averant donc aura du vif, plus qu’oraison du neant.
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