Detection method and device of surface defect of mechanical part based on machine vision

The invention discloses a detection method and device of surface defect of a mechanical part based on machine vision. The detection method comprises the steps of: carrying out positioning, filtration, enhancement, binaryzation, morphological treatment, boundary tracing, characterization extraction and the like on the collected surface images of the mechanical part; and judging whether a defect exists through the size of a defect area or not. The detection device comprises a position transmission module, a position control module, a clamp, an image collecting module and an upper computer for processing the image and sending a position control instruction, wherein under the control of the upper computer and the position control module, the position transmission module can move in an X direction, a Y direction and a Z direction, and can rotate around a Z axis; the image collecting module comprises a camera and a light source; and the camera and the position control module are respectively connected with the upper computer. By using the detection method and device, nondestructive detection is carried out based on the machine vision, irregular parts can be detected, no demagnetization problem exists; and the detection method and device have the advantages of high detection precision and high efficiency.