Risk factors and glycation end products in patients with different forms of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

To determine the levels of growth factors and glycation end products in patients with different forms of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).A total of 134 patients with CHD and T2DM, including 38 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS), were examined. The arterial and venous serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor-β (FGF-β), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), placental growth factor (PlGF), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGE) were estimated in all the patients.A direct correlation was found between the degree of arterial stenosis and the level of growth factors and AGEs in the patients with T2DM; there was also a direct correlation of the examined factors with lipid metabolic parameters. There was a significant two-fold increase in FGF-β, PlGF, and RAGE levels in the patients with ACS.Hyperglycemia was found to negatively affect the progression of atherosclerotic changes in the vessel wall and on that of fibrotic processes.