Generalized Compact Modeling of Nanoparticle-Based Amperometric Glucose Biosensors

Amperometric glucose sensors with nanoparticle (NP) electrodes promise fast and highly sensitive detection of glucose concentration in both in vivo and in vitro applications. Unfortunately, the performance of the sensors, as a function of NP geometry and glucose oxidase distribution, is not fully understood, making it difficult to optimize the sensors generally. In this paper, we derive an analytical relationship that explicitly correlates sensor performance to the elementary properties of the electrodes and oxidase. The compact model quantitatively reproduces the redox current associated with NP-based glucose sensors based on carbon nanotube and graphene-petal substrates that have previously been reported in the literature. The model will facilitate predictive design and optimization of NP-based amperometric biosensors that can eventually be integrated into wearable platforms.