Energy Detection Over Unified α - η -μ and α -κ- μ Fading Channels

The $\alpha-\eta-\mu$ and $\alpha-\kappa-\mu$ are generalized fading distributions used to model the multipath fading under no-line-of-sight (NLOS) and line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios. Different distributions such as $\alpha-\mu, \kappa-\mu, \eta-\mu$ and their special cases are well defined by the $\alpha-\eta-\mu$ and $\alpha-\kappa-\mu$ fading model. A single generalized expression including both $\alpha-\eta-\mu$ and $\alpha-\kappa-\mu$ fading models is formulated and further employed to deduce the analytical expressions for the average probability of energy detection (PD). In order to mitigate the effect of multipath fading further analysis is carried out using different diversity combining schemes such as maximal ratio combining (MRC) and square law combining (SLC). The analytical expressions are validated by comparing them with exact numerical results and Monte Carlo simulation.