Exploring Safety-II in Practice: a Case Study of the Construction Industry

Resiliency Engineering is a safety management model focused on achieving success and it indicates four potentials. The current market approach is Safety-I, in which the activities referred to as failures are followed as assumptions. On the other hand, success is defined when no incident or accident occurs during the execution of a task. A task is characterized as a failure when an accident or an incident occurs. Success, on the other hand, is defined when no incident or accident occurs during the execution of a task. The objective of this article is to analyze the Safety I and Safety-II approaches on job sites. T analysis was performed in three case studies based on a structure of four steps: the safety result step, which determines whether the activity was successful or failure; the approach step, which identifies the approach to be used (Safety-I or Safety-II); the process step, which determines whether the work-as-done was equal or different to the work-as-imagined; and the action step, in which the measures of each approach are implemented. The results revealed that of the ten examined activities, only one failed during execution and that in most activities, the work-as-done is different from the work-as-imagined. The performed analysis proves that adaptations and adjustments are made in the execution of activities and that the work safety conditions can be improved by analyzing the successes.