Safety and immunogenicity of intranasally administered inactivated trivalent virosome-formulated influenza vaccine containing Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin as a mucosal adjuvant.

A trivalent influenza virosome vaccine containing hemagglutinin and Escherichia coli heatlabile toxin (HLT) was administered intranasally to young adults and elderly subjects. Symptoms that followed immunization were mild and transient. A significant increase in serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody was noted for the 3 vaccine strains. There was no significant difference in postimmunization geometric mean titers or seroconversion rates between age groups. The percentage of subjects attaining protective HI titers (>40%) was comparable in both groups for the A/Bayern ( ) and B/Beijing ( ) strains but was higher P= .5 P= .3 among young adults (92.2%) versus elderly subjects (76.5%; ) for the A/Wuhan strain. P= .057 The proportion of subjects with nonprotective baseline titers who attained protective levels after immunization was similar in both age groups for the A/Bayern and B/Beijing components. For the A/Wuhan component, significantly ( ) more young adults achieved P= .017 protective titers versus elderly subjects (85.7% and 53.8%, respectively). Vaccination evoked a significant ( ) increase in anti-HLT antibody titers. P ! .005